reduce empty 🟨 JavaScript

TypeError: Reduce of empty array with no initial value

Array.reduce() ran on an empty array without an initial value.

Seen on: JavaScript

Meaning

Without an initial value reduce uses the first element as the accumulator — impossible on an empty array.

Common causes

  • reduce on filtered results that are empty
  • Missing initial value argument

⚡ Quick fix

  1. Always pass an initial value: arr.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0)
  2. Check for empty arrays before reducing when no sensible default exists

Detailed fix by platform

JavaScript

  1. const total = items.reduce((sum, i) => sum + i.price, 0);

How to diagnose

  1. Array — Can it be empty?
  2. Call — Initial value passed?

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