Error map
error: linker `cc` not found Rust: error: linker `cc` not found — note: No such file or directory (os error 2)
Rust · layer 4, Application & API
Centre: this error. First ring: errors it is linked with (12). Outer ring: what those are linked with. Colours show the layer of a request each error belongs to. Click any dot to re-centre the map on it; hover to follow its connections. The centre dot opens the error page.
Directly related (12)
C/C++: undefined reference to `main' — (.text+0x20) in crt1.o
The linker has no `main` function: the file with `main` is not compiled or linked, or `main` is spelled or declared incorrectly.
C/C++: undefined reference to `pthread_create' — missing -pthread (also `dlopen`, `clock_gettime`)
Your program uses threads (or another system library) but the linker was not told to link it.
C++: undefined reference to `vtable for X' — virtual function not defined
The linker cannot find the class's virtual table, which means at least one virtual member function was declared but never defined…
MSVC: fatal error LNK1104: cannot open file 'foo.lib' (or 'app.exe' while it is running)
The Visual C++ linker could not open an input library or the output file — the path is wrong, the library is missing, or the .exe…
C/C++: undefined reference to `function' — collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
The linker can’t find the definition of a function or variable that was declared and used.
C/C++: multiple definition of `x'; first defined here — ld returned 1 exit status
The linker found the same function or global variable defined in two object files — usually something defined in a header.
macOS: ld: library 'ssl' not found / ld: library not found for -lssl (clang: error: linker command failed)
The linker can't find OpenSSL (or another library) because Homebrew libraries aren't on its search path.
Cargo: Blocking waiting for file lock on package cache / on build directory
Another cargo process (or rust-analyzer/IDE) holds the lock, so this command waits.
Go: cgo: C compiler "gcc" not found: exec: "gcc": executable file not found in $PATH
A package using cgo needs a C compiler, but none is installed or CGO is disabled.
Rust: error[E0133]: call to unsafe function `foo` is unsafe and requires unsafe function or block
You called an `unsafe` function (or dereferenced a raw pointer / accessed a `static mut`) outside `unsafe`.
Rust: error[E0658]: use of unstable library feature `let_chains` / `#![feature]` may not be used on the stable release channel
Your code uses a nightly-only feature on the stable toolchain.
Cargo: error: failed to select a version for the requirement `serde = "^2.0"` — candidate versions found which didn't match: 1.0.197
Cargo can't find a version of a dependency satisfying the constraints you (or other crates) set.
Two steps away (33)
C/C++: fatal error: foo.h: No such file or directory — #include not found
The preprocessor cannot find a header named in `#include`: wrong path, missing include directory (-I), or the library is not inst…
Make: *** No rule to make target 'foo.c', needed by 'foo.o'. Stop.
`make` was asked to build a file for which there is no rule and no existing file — a missing source, a typo in the Makefile, or a…
Make: Makefile:5: *** missing separator. Stop. (spaces instead of a tab)
A line in the Makefile is neither a rule, a variable assignment nor a tab-indented command — nearly always spaces used where a TA…
error while loading shared libraries: libX.so.N: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
The program needs a shared library (.so) that isn’t installed or isn’t on the loader’s search path.
C++: terminate called without an active exception — std::thread destroyed while joinable
A `std::thread` object was destroyed (or reassigned) while its thread was still running, so the C++ runtime called `std::terminat…
Rust: error[E0373]: closure may outlive the current function, but it borrows `v`, which is owned by the current function
A closure borrowing a local is passed somewhere that may outlive it (thread::spawn, tokio::spawn, returned closures).
C++: error: cannot declare variable 'x' to be of abstract type 'Shape' (pure virtual functions)
You tried to create an object of a class that still has pure virtual functions; only a derived class that overrides all of them c…
C++: pure virtual method called — terminate called without an active exception
A pure virtual function was called on an object that is being constructed or destroyed, where the derived part no longer exists.
MSVC: error C4996: 'strcpy': This function or variable may be unsafe. Consider using strcpy_s instead
Visual C++ treats classic C library functions such as `strcpy`, `sprintf`, `fopen` and `scanf` as deprecated or unsafe and, with…
MSVC: error C2065: 'x': undeclared identifier
Visual C++ met a name it has not seen declared — a typo, a missing header or namespace, or use outside its scope.
npm ERR! code ELIFECYCLE / Command failed with exit code 1
An npm script (build, start, test, postinstall) exited with an error. ELIFECYCLE is only the wrapper — the real error is printed…
gyp ERR! build error / node-gyp rebuild failed
A dependency with native C/C++ code couldn’t compile — missing build tools, Python, or an unsupported Node version.
COPY failed: file not found in build context / "/app/x": not found
The Dockerfile COPY refers to a path outside the build context, excluded by .dockerignore, or relative to the wrong directory.
C++: error: redefinition of 'class X' / multiple definition — missing include guard
The same class, struct or function body was included twice in one translation unit because the header has no include guard.
C++: error: invalid use of incomplete type 'class X' — forward declaration only
You used a class that has only been forward-declared (so its size and members are unknown) where the full definition is required.
C: warning: implicit declaration of function 'foo' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
In C you called a function the compiler has not seen declared — usually a missing `#include`. Newer compilers treat it as an erro…
gyp: No Xcode or CLT version detected!
node-gyp on macOS can’t find the Xcode Command Line Tools to compile native modules.
Undefined symbol(s) for architecture arm64 — linker command failed with exit code 1
The linker can’t find the implementation of a symbol your code uses — a missing framework/library, a file not in the target, or a…
Building for iOS Simulator, but linking in object file built for iOS, for architecture arm64
A library contains device-only arm64 code; Apple Silicon simulators also run arm64 and need a separate simulator slice.
Rust: error[E0499]: cannot borrow `v` as mutable more than once at a time
Two mutable references to the same value were alive at once, which Rust forbids.
Rust: error[E0505]: cannot move out of `s` because it is borrowed
You moved a value while a reference to it was still in use.
Rust: error[E0507]: cannot move out of `self.name` which is behind a shared reference
You tried to take ownership of a value through a reference (or from a Vec/Option behind `&`).
exec /usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh: exec format error
The container tried to run a binary built for a different CPU architecture (arm64 vs amd64) — or a script with a broken shebang /…
failed to solve: process "/bin/sh -c ..." did not complete successfully: exit code: 1
A RUN step in your Dockerfile failed. The real error is printed in the lines just above this message.
failed to solve: failed to read dockerfile: open Dockerfile: no such file or directory
docker build can’t find a Dockerfile in the build context you passed.
Rust: error[E0015]: cannot call non-const function `String::from` in constants
A `const`/`static` initializer used something that can't run at compile time.
Cargo: warning: spurious network error (2 tries remaining): [35] SSL connect error / error: failed to download from `https://index.crates.io/...`
Cargo couldn't reach crates.io (network, proxy, TLS or DNS issues).
Cargo: error: failed to parse manifest — feature `edition2024` is required / lock file version 4 requires `-Znext-lockfile-bump`
Your Cargo is older than the manifest or lockfile requires.
Cargo: error: package `home v0.5.9` cannot be built because it requires rustc 1.81 or newer, while the currently active rustc version is 1.78.0
A dependency's minimum supported Rust version (MSRV) is higher than your toolchain.
rustup: error: toolchain 'nightly-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu' is not installed / error: no override and no default toolchain set
rustup can't find the toolchain requested by `rust-toolchain.toml`, an override, or no default is set.
Unmet dependencies / E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages
apt can’t find a set of package versions that satisfies all dependencies — usually mixed repositories or a package from another r…
Rust: error[E0106]: missing lifetime specifier — this function's return type contains a borrowed value, but the signature does not say which one of `x`'s 2 lifetimes it is borrowed from
The compiler can't infer which input reference the returned/stored reference is tied to.
Rust: error[E0277]: the trait bound `Foo: Display` is not satisfied / `Rc<RefCell<T>>` cannot be sent between threads safely
A type doesn't implement a trait required by a function, macro or generic bound.
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